Meeting 62, 2024-10-18

NBIS arranges an open AI and IO Seminar Series aimed at knowledge-sharing about Artificial Intelligence and Integrative Omics (AI & IO) analysis and applications in the Life Science community. The seminar series is open to everyone. The seminar is run over Zoom on the third Friday of the month during academic terms, typically between 10 and 11 am, with approx. 45 min long presentation and 15 min discussion.

When is the meeting?	18 October 2024 at 10.00 - 11.00
Where is the meeting?	Zoom video-conference: http://meet.nbis.se/aiaio
What is the meeting about?	“Conformal prediction enables disease course prediction and allows individualized diagnostic uncertainty in multiple sclerosis”
Who is the responsible presenter?	Kim Kultima, Uppsala University, Web-page

Abstract: Accurate assessment of progression and disease course in multiple sclerosis (MS) is vital for timely and appropriate clinical intervention. The transition from relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) to secondary progressive MS (SPMS) is gradual and diagnosed retrospectively with a typical delay of three years. To address this diagnostic delay, we developed a predictive model that is able to distinguish between RRMS and SPMS with high accuracy, trained on data from electronic health records collected at routine hospital visits obtained from the Swedish MS Registry containing 22,748 patients with 197,227 hospital visits. To be useful within a clinical setting, we applied conformal prediction to deliver valid measures of uncertainty in predictions at the level of the individual patient. We showed that the model was theoretically and empirically valid, having the highest efficiency at a 92% confidence level, and demonstrated on an external test set that it enables effective prediction of the clinical course of a patient with individual confidence measures. We applied the model to a set of patients who transitioned from RRMS to SPMS during the cohort timeframe and showed that we can accurately predict when patients transition from RRMS to SPMS. We also identified new patients who, with high probability, are in the transition phase from RRMS to SPMS but have not yet received a clinical diagnosis. We conclude that our methodology can assist in monitoring MS disease progression and proactively identify patients undergoing transition to SPMS. An anonymized, publically accessible version of the model is available at https://msp-tracker.serve.scilifelab.se/.

A preprint is available here: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.01.24303566v1

Slides: